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Nesebar
and Sunny beach are based 35 km. north from Bourgas.
| The
old quarter of the town, situated on Nesebar peninsula and
linked to the mainland by a narrow neck of land; declared
an architectural and archaeological reserve. North and south
of the peninsula there stretch beach strips covered with
the finest sand along the Black Sea coast. To the north
these are linked with the beaches of Sunny Beach. Nesebar
is one of the oldest towns in Bulgaria. Ancient polis Mesambria
appears in 6 c. BC in place of a Thracian settlement Melsabria
(2nd - 1st millennium BC). Invaded by the Romans (1 c. BC),
conquered by khan Kroum in 812 and annexed to the Bulgarian
state. Efflorescence as a sea port and cultural centre reached
under king Ivan Alexander (1331 - 1371). |
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Circa
1452 Nesebar falls under Ottoman yoke and the fortress walls
are demolished. During the Bulgarian National Revival the
town is revived anew. Develops as a fishing and vine-growing
centre. Since antiquity to the present day there have been
preserved sections of the fortress wall, towers, a gate,
sanctuaries, inscriptions, reliefs. Remarkable sites of
Nesebar are its medieval churches. In the past these were
more than 40, but only a few are still standing. Early Christian
are basilicas, most famous among these - the Old Bishopric.
The construction and plastic decorative peculiarities of
Nesebar churches dating back to 10 - 14 c., sets them apart
in a separate group, characteristic with the picturesque
design of facades. Mural ornamentation of each church constitutes
unique harmony of stone, red brick, multicolored ceramic
rosettes and circular plates. Cross-dome churches are represented
by "St. Ivan Krustitel" church (10 - 11 c.), "St. Arhangeli
Mihail I Gavrail" (13 c.), "Pantokrator" (14 c.) and "St.
Ivan Neosveteni" (14 c.). Single-naved are "St. Todor" and
"St. Paraskeva" churches, "St. Stephen" church is a basilica
(New Bishopric).
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Sunny Beach - It is the biggest and
most popular holiday resort of the country, and is home
to over 800 hotels with more than 300 000 beds. There are
also 130 restaurants and numerous live music bars, pubs,
nightclubs, discos, cafes. It has been undergoing continuous
expansion for many years. In recent years almost the whole
hotel base has been renovated and several new luxurious
hotels have been built as well as many apartment complexes.
Sunny Beach has a very small permanent population, but during
the summer the resort is home to many thousands of tourists.
The main strip of high-rise hotels backing onto the beach
is several kilometers long and extends along a wide bay
between Sveti Vlas and Nessebar.
The resort's construction began back in Communist times,
in 1958. Construction works began at a site, where two old
wells supplying Nessebar with water in ancient times and
during the Middle Ages, had been located.
The climate of the area is Mediterranean, explaining Sunny
Beach's popularity with tourists since before the fall of
communism. Since that time the resort's popularity has grown
among German holidaymakers, who add to the already large
numbers of Bulgarian and Russian visitors. More recently,
Sunny Beach has begun to attract the attention of British,
Irish, Scandinavian and Serbian tourists, for whom it is
a more affordable alternative to the established Mediterranean
resorts.
Attractions for tourists include the beach, water sports,
nightlife, and the nearby historical site of Nessebar. There
are two new Aqua Parks near the resort. Sunny Beach is mainly
popular among young people. The Golden Orpheus International
Festival of Popular Song, the Decade of Symphonic Music,
part of the International Folklore Festival, fashion-shows
and various beach competitions are held there. In 2008,
the VIth Stranski-Kaischew Surface Science Workshop, a prestigious
triennial international conference sponsored by the Bulgarian
Academy of Sciences and named in honor of two prominent
Bulgarian scientists of the 20th century, was held in Sunny
Beach. |
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